Tissue Necrosis Factor and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays important roles in diverse cellular functions such as cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and death. As a pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF is secreted by inflammatory cells, which may be involved in inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. Tyrosine kinases are enzymes responsible for the activation of many proteins by signal transduction cascades. A tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is a pharmaceutical drug that inhibits tyrosine kinases. Being small molecule in chemical nature, TKIs are not biologics by traditional definition.

Mechanisms of TNF and TNF blockade, and for tyrosine kinase inhibition are both shown in the sketch. TNF functions include: modulation of immunological response, inflammatory response, and cell differentiation and proliferation Depending on the dominant functionality, TNFs or TNF inhibitors convey autoimmune, anti-inflammatory or anti-cancer application. They are two types of TNFs, TNF alpha and TNF beta; both are cytotoxins that are chemotherapeutically anti-cancerous. TNF blockers enjoy much greater therapeutic success than TNFs, three of the most widely marketed anti-inflammatory for rheumatoid arthritis are adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab. All tyrosine kinase inhibitors are named with a suffix –nib, for example, Imatinib, nintendanib, ceritinib and lenvatinib, whose indication is mostly anti-cancerous