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Theory X and Theory Y

The Hawthorne studies.

The Hawthorne studies initiated the human resource theory, revealing that changes in illumination had no direct impact on productivity.

Further investigation showed that employees were motivated by feeling valued and recognized, leading to the development of Theory X and Theory Y. This paradigm shift emphasized viewing employees as motivated individuals rather than mere tools for production, evolving from classical management to modern human resource management.

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Introduction to Healthcare Management: Organisational Insights

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