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The field trip

Day 1  The ferry to Utö is called Silverpilen (“the silver arrow”), perhaps because silver was among the metals that have been mined on the island since Viking times. The …

Welcome to Utö

This massive online open course (MOOC) was created by a multinational team of educators from across Europe while gathered together on a small island called Utö which is situated in …

Lessons from past biodiversity loss

Donatella Magri, Associate Professor at Sapienza University explores the role of climate as a driver of biodiversity loss during the past 2.6 million years. She explains the stages of biodiversity …

Energy transitions in Human societies

Stepping by a wood pile close to a hut, Juan reflects on how human societies have used energy along history, and the signature this has left on Nature. Forests changed …

Environmental effects of dams and hydropower

The production of electricity in hydroelectric plants has more than a century of history, has very well-developed technologies and dominates renewable energy production; but it begins to be an energy …

Snowball Earth

The boring billion was followed by Snowball Earth. The equatorial position of the continents and rise of a mountain belt that straddled the equator created a “perfect storm” for global …

Sweden emerges

The Proterozoic Eon began 2.5 billion years ago. Its name means “early life” but we now know that life existed long before the start of this eon. This eon starts …

Setting the Stage

In a paper entitled Age of the Earth which was published in Science in 1955, Clair Patterson and colleagues estimated that the Earth is 4.5 billion years old. Their estimate …

Case study: Heat pumps

Heat pumps (HPs) are a technology that ought to have a central place in the European energy policies. In the current energy crisis, with unprecedented energy prices caused mainly by …

Extinction risk from climate change

Moreno Di Marco, Research Fellow at Sapienza University explores extinction risk from climate change. He looks at future scenarios framed in the context of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) which …