Mark Kennedy
Dr Mark Kennedy’s main area of research is developmental psychology. He has a PhD in attachment theory and has worked on the English and Romanian Adoptees study since 2012.
Location London, UK
Activity
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Well done to all of you who have made it to our final week. I hope that you find this week as interesting, if not more so, than our previous weeks. Looking forward to reading and responding to your comments and, as always, if you have any questions, please do ask.
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, just to be crystal clear; the short version is that the orange areas are those where we see differences in people with ADHD.
The longer version, taken from the paper, is that this is; Multivariate discrimination weight map for ADHD vs. Controls (unthresholded). Gaussian Process Classification classified ADHD patients and healthy controls with 82.8%...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, if anyone's interested in learning more about this, there's a recent review on the topic here; https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0169277
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all and a warm welcome to week 3. Lots of you are asking about adult ADHD, so I thought you might be interested in reading an editorial on this, which has recently been published;...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Sometimes people ask about the long term impact of medication for ADHD. if you're interested, there's a recent blog here; https://www.adhdevidence.org/blog/are-there-adverse-effects-to-long-term-treatment-of-adhd-with-methylphenidate-2
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Mark Kennedy replied to Marek Wojcik
Hi Marek, good points. I see the point about blaming the parents raised occasionally, but it really isn't. It essentially just aims to help parents (and their children). We look at adversity in this week and next.
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all. It's great to see so many people taking part. You might have to bear with me a bit as there are a lot of comments for me to read! If you want to ask a question, please @ me in, so it gets flagged in my notifications :)
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A question I often get asked at around this point is the overlap between attachment and ADHD. We look at this in week 3, but from a symptom view, they are very different. Here are the criteria for attachment disorder for comparison; https://www.cebc4cw.org/search/topic-areas/dsm-5-criteria-for-reactive-attachment-disorder-rad/
Other people are commenting on...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, many of you will have seen already but if not, we look in more detail at ADHD symptoms in the next step.
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Mark Kennedy replied to Meral Mert
Hi Meral, good question. These rates appear to apply globally (which we come to later) and also are a general sample, which is intended to be representative of the population as a whole,
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, a question that often comes up around here is the use of the term disorder and whether ADHD confers some positives. There's a recent paper which maps somewhat onto this broad issue; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33035524/. In essence though, some traits of ADHD appear to confer some positives, in some contexts. However, when there are a lot of these...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, just a quick note - "adult onset" ADHD is something people seem keen to learn more about. Not much is currently known, but we look at this in week 2, steps 18 and 19 - so stay tuned for that. Also, it's really important to note that what we know about "adult onset" ADHD comes from longitudinal studies, so it's not as straightforward as just being...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, it's great to see so many people having joined the course already - and from all over the world. It's also quite reassuring to know that we've included the content people are most looking forward to; whether it's the educational content in week 4, the experiential content in week 2, or what we understand about causation in week 3. I'm really looking...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, unfortunately this step was left in by error and the data collection is no longer running. Thank you to those who took part.
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, unfortunately this step was left in by error and the data collection is no longer running. Thank you to those who took part.
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, thank you to those who took part. The data collection was only ever intended to collect a small snapshot of leaner's views and data collection has now closed, so the link will likely no longer work.
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, thank you to those who took part. The data collection was only ever intended to collect a small snapshot of leaner's views and data collection has now closed, so the link will likely no longer work.
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Hi Kate, we know why, unfortunately - mass poverty and the ban of contraception etc.
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@VasilenaDzhigreva Hi Vasilena, there are some positives associated with some symptoms, but when there are enough symptoms to result in a diagnosis it can be impairing. So you can see how they persist over time.
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Mark Kennedy replied to Mark Kennedy
@FanoulaSmith Hi Fanoula, I think the distinction here is impairment. It's not to do with what is "normal" per se, but what causes problems for people. So if you have symptoms of ADHD but it's not impairing, you don't have ADHD.
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Hi May, we look at some of these issues in weeks 2 and 3's research showcases but in groups with a history of adversity you see elevated levels of ADHD, so you wouldn't want to rule it out on that basis. However, as you say, you also would not want to over diagnose ADHD.
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@MaryHorvath Hi Mary, I'm a bit late to this but we have content on this at the ends of weeks 2 and 3.
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Hi Gary, apologies if this hasn't been made clear enough for you, but this isn't a teaching exercise, it's a piece of research attached to the course.
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Well done to all of you who have made it to our final week. I hope that you find this week as interesting, if not more so, than our previous weeks. Looking forward to reading and responding to your comments and, as always, if you have any questions, please do ask.
Also, I'm extremely grateful to those of you who have taken part in the research study...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, sometimes questions pop up here about whether ADHD is either genetic or environmental and that the course as a whole suggests genetic but this suggests environment, which causes confusion, so I thought I'd clarify. The takeaway message is that the "either/ or" distinction is too simplistic and as the evidence becomes more complex, so too must out...
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I know I'm late to this but thought it worth mentioning. There are several relevant issues here. It may be the case that in the general public some people assume that ADHD is caused by parenting, but this doesn't seem to be the case among professionals who tend to see it as genetic. In cases with severe, early deprivation as we see here (which is incredibly...
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Mark Kennedy replied to Mark Kennedy
@HannahHastilow Hi Hannah, good question. We look at some of this in week 4
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, just to be crystal clear; the short version is that the orange areas are those where we see differences in people with ADHD.
The longer version, taken from the paper, is that this is; Multivariate discrimination weight map for ADHD vs. Controls (unthresholded). Gaussian Process Classification classified ADHD patients and healthy controls with 82.8%...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, if anyone's interested in learning more about this, there's a recent review on the topic here; https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0169277
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all and a warm welcome to week 3. Lots of you are asking about adult ADHD, so I thought you might be interested in reading an editorial on this, which has just been published;...
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Mark Kennedy replied to Mark Kennedy
@AimeeH Hi Aimee, there's a recent paper on this here; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12402-018-0276-7. Essentially, there's an association (which doesn't necessarily mean causation) and more studies need to be done to unpack what's happening.
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Mark Kennedy replied to Mark Kennedy
@DavidLindop Hi David, there's some emerging evidence on this summarised here, hope it helps; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278584621000361?casa_token=R8eM2n1In0EAAAAA:4umkpNQfVwzMLNJxa-YmH7Iisz4lMz2u6S_WiTQnd-Yi6uAorb77SAcevfiiVbodIiWfA4dQVig
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all. People often wonder about long term outcomes of ADHD medication. It's not a recent study, but the MTA is probably the strongest evidence we have on this topic; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3063150/?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=r360
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all. It's great to see so many people taking part. You might have to bear with me a bit as there are a lot of comments for me to read! If you want to ask a question, please @ me in, so it gets flagged in my notifications :)
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Mark Kennedy replied to Mark Kennedy
@ElizabethQuinn Hi Elizabeth, I suppose it depends on the context. In this context, deficit essentially means 'problem with'. So if someone is trying to read a book they want to read and can't, for example, that's considered a problem.
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Mark Kennedy replied to Carol Summers
Good questions, forensic population refers to those who are in the judicial system and often with some mental health issue.
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, people tend to ask here about whether this is "growing out of ADHD", or learning to cope. It's likely to be some combination of the two. In general, there is a reduction of hyperactivity and some people certainly learn coping mechanisms, or niches to compensate, but also, even fewer symptoms can be equally impairing as the demands of adulthood increase.
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A question I often get asked at around this point is the overlap between attachment and ADHD. We look at this in week 3, but from a symptom view, they are very different. Here are the criteria for attachment disorder for comparison; https://www.cebc4cw.org/search/topic-areas/dsm-5-criteria-for-reactive-attachment-disorder-rad/
Other people are commenting on...
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Mark Kennedy replied to Mary Reid
@MaryReid Great question, this is largely due to drops in hyperactivity.
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, many of you will have seen already but if not, we look in more detail at ADHD symptoms in the next step.
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Mark Kennedy replied to Amanda Evans
Great question. It depends where you are in the world but typically, it would reduce the support available.
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Mark Kennedy replied to Li Elce
@LiElce Hi Li, that's an excellent question. I think this paper should answer this; https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/pdf/10.1521/adhd.2006.14.2.1?casa_token=j5Unpf3NfTIAAAAA:1iww4YCj2aeqIpFDJ1WOvdbVjSmfnkjMzaK4X3f8YSdChs22cww9Bc5dG0sXSfQQIuPTwTvGXY44
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, a question that often comes up around here is the use of the term disorder and whether ADHD confers some positives. There's a recent paper which maps somewhat onto this broad issue; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33035524/. In essence though, some traits of ADHD appear to confer some positives, in some contexts. However, when there are a lot of these...
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Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, just a quick note - "adult onset" ADHD is something people seem keen to learn more about. Not much is currently known, but we look at this in week 2, steps 18 and 19 - so stay tuned for that. Also, it's really important to note that what we know about "adult onset" ADHD comes from longitudinal studies, so it's not as straightforward as just being...
-
Mark Kennedy made a comment
Hi all, it's great to see so many people having joined the course already - and from all over the world. It's also quite reassuring to know that we've included the content people are most looking forward to; whether it's the educational content in week 4, the experiential content in week 2, or what we understand about causation in week 3. I'm really looking...
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Mark Kennedy replied to Mark Kennedy
@MahaAl-Khater Hi Maha - I would say in this case that seems to be the case.
