Transcript

Learning outcomes

• Explore the fundamental theory behind forensic pathology, medical examination in cases of sexual assault, bitemark comparison and forensic DNA profiling.
• Reflect on the scientific limitations of the forensic disciplines taught in the course.
• Evaluate the role of the Court in examining forensic evidence during a criminal trial.
• Discuss the reliability of the evidence found in the mock case scenarios based on the scientific principles learnt as part of the course.
• Apply the principles of scientific inquiry and evidentiary standards to forensic disciplines beyond this course.

Syllabus

This course delves into the scientific foundations and limitations of forensic disciplines which are commonly seen in criminal cases. These disciplines are - forensic pathology, medical examination in sexual offence cases, bite mark analysis and forensic DNA profiling. We also examine the legal standards in place to scrutinise such forensic evidence.

In the first week, we cover the module on forensic pathology and post mortem examinations. We examine the process for conducting post mortem examinations and the issues regarding the determination of the time and cause of death.

In the second week, the module on medical examination in sexual offence cases debunks the myths about the medical examination of victims and accused in such cases. Thereafter, we explore the manner in which medical officers should record their opinions and how it should be examined by legal professionals. In the third week, the module on bite mark analysis covers an introduction to forensic odontology and the assumptions underlying bite mark comparison. We also discuss the manner in which legal professionals should scrutinise bite mark evidence in their casework.

In the fourth and fifth week, the module on forensic DNA profiling delves into the basics of crime scene management, body fluid examination and forensic DNA profiling. We also explain the steps involved in forensic DNA profiling, and discuss issues relating to interpretation of DNA results, DNA mixtures and transfer of DNA. In the final week, the module on standards for examination of expert evidence introduces the law on expert evidence and explores the role of courts in examining such evidence. This module also covers the law of expert evidence and forensic science landscape in India.