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Growing apart: What is polarisation and what can we do about it

Explore why societies grow divided, how polarisation affects our lives, and some practical ways to deal with it.

913 enrolled on this course

Two people in an argument
  • Duration

    3 weeks
  • Weekly study

    3 hours
  • Languages

    English, Italiano, Español, Français, PortuguêsEnglish, Italiano, Español
  • 100% online

    How it works
  • Digital upgrade

    Free

Explore social polarisation and discover ways to prevent and reconcile divisions

From political debates to online communities, social divides are becoming more visible and harder to ignore. Learn to understand how division and polarisation emerges, how it affects the world around us, and how we can deal with polarisation to better bridge divisions.

Recognise and understand polarisation

Using real-world and classroom examples and combining expertise from sociology, psychology and political science, you’ll discover how polarisation is not only about split opinions but also about “us vs them” attitudes, lack of trust and broken communication.

Through detailed analysis, you’ll examine both cognitive biases and social dynamics, l identifying causes of growing divides between groups.

Develop strategies to manage polarisation and reflect on your role

Discover and practise practical ways to prevent and reduce polarisation, including techniques for respectful dialogue, fact-checking and going outside your bubble.

Engage and reflect on your role

Through structured reflection and guided exercises, you’ll recognise how your own attitudes, behaviours, and communication styles can either fuel or reduce polarisation in group settings.

You’ll walk away empowered to be part of the solution.

Download video: standard or HD

Skip to 0 minutes and 2 seconds In a world full of conflicts, dynamic events,  emotional disputes, and political quarrels where genuine dialogue seems nearly impossible, one  word that we often hear is polarization. My name is Agata Komendant-Brodowska, and together  with an international group of experts, I’d like to invite you to a short course about  this phenomenon. Polarization means deep divides, and this course is about such divisions. What are  they? Why do they happen? And can we do anything about it? It might seem that polarization is  almost like a force of nature. But this is not the case. Nevertheless, there are mechanisms  typical for human nature that make us grow apart quite easily. Throughout the course, we  will explore these mechanisms.

Skip to 0 minutes and 46 seconds We will look at “confirmation bias” and “filter bubbles” that  influence the way we perceive the world around us. We will also explore intergroup relations and  how dialogues can be more or less polarizing. It will all help you recognize polarization  and key mechanisms that make us grow apart. You’ll try out, how to escape some of  these mechanisms and explore ways of sewing divided groups back together. This  way you will be able to tackle polarization better because it’s not like we can’t do  anything about it. We can. So, let’s go. [Music]

Syllabus

  • Week 1

    What is polarisation

    • Welcome to the course

      In this activity we welcome you to the course.

    • How do we differ?

      There are topics that tend to divide us and ones where people share similar views. In this activity we will have a look at various ways of how people can differ in opinions, starting with a concept of a scale.

    • What is polarisation?

      In the following steps we will be looking into what makes polarization more dangerous than simple differences in opinions.

    • Recognising and measuring polarisation

      In this activity we’ll be checking how to recognise if we’re living in a polarised society and we will be looking for signs of polarisation, both on an individual and macro level.

    • Polarisation and democracy

      In the following steps the impact of polarisation on democracy is discussed.

    • Wrap up

      In this step we wrap up Week 1 and look ahead to next week.

  • Week 2

    How do we deal with new information and opinions

    • Welcome to Week 2

      How does the polarisation process work? How is it affected by the way we (humans) deal with new opinions and information? These questions we will deal with this week.

    • Rejecting information that is too far away

      In the following steps you will explore how people accept opinions that are closer to their own, and reject opinions that are too far away.

    • We tend to believe what we already believe

      In these steps we explain and experiment with the confirmation bias, which is our tendency to accept information we agree with and reject dissonant information.

    • Living in a bubble

      This activity should help you become more aware of the fact that when you get new information and new opinions, it’s not random. It’s influenced by your social network and mechanisms operating in the digital realm.

    • How can we approach information differently

      In this activity we explore how we can change the way we approach information, starting with the observation that it’s not easy to discern what is real and what is fake and continuing to some strategies related to fact-checking.

    • Wrap up

      We wrap up the second week of the course and look ahead to the third and final week.

  • Week 3

    How do we approach other people

    • Welcome to Week 3

      This week will be about the mechanisms related to how we approach other people and how they influence polarisation: the “us” versus “them” division, social identity, cleavages, polarising and non-polarising dialogue strategies.

    • Us versus Them: group dynamics

      In the following steps, you’ll learn to distinguish between normal and polarized group dynamics, spot elements that fuel or calm intergroup tensions, and apply techniques to shift debates into inclusive dialogue.

    • Identifying lines of division

      In this section, we explore how divisions between different groups shape polarization, competition, and the movement of ideas.

    • Good, bad and ugly dialogues

      This section focuses on recognizing speech that polarises or escalates conflict, and on fostering constructive, de-escalating, and de-polarizing dialogue from divergent perspectives.

    • What can I do to prevent polarisation?

      In these steps we will provide you with some guidance in helping you find ways to better deal with polarisation.

    • Wrap up of the course

      In this activity we wrap up (shortly) all topics covered within the course: from defining polarisation and its relevance on an individual and societal level, through various mechanisms contributing to growing divides.

When would you like to start?

Start straight away and join a global classroom of learners. If the course hasn’t started yet you’ll see the future date listed below.

  • Available now

Learning on this course

On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments.

What will you achieve?

By the end of the course, you‘ll be able to...

  • Identify signs of polarisation.
  • Describe the process of polarisation.
  • Reflect on the consequences of polarisation (for democratic societies).
  • Identify major cognitive and social mechanisms leading to polarisation.
  • Discuss measures to deal with polarisation, both related to prevention and reconciliation

Who is the course for?

This course is ideal for anyone interested in social cohesion, particularly secondary and university students, teachers, and those curious about social division and dialogue.

What software or tools do you need?

For the models used in selected segments of the course we highly recommend that these are done on a large screen, either a PC, laptop or a tablet at least, as the models will not be easy to operate on a phone.

Who will you learn with?

Hi! I'm a sociologist at the University of Warsaw, leader of educational projects, passionate about creating innovative education, interested in using models and simulations to study social processes.

Who developed the course?

University of Groningen

The University of Groningen (UG) is a broad and international university that covers all fields of academia and technology. The UG is deeply rooted in the Northern Netherlands and has grown into an open academic community of 37,500 students and 6,000 staff members.

University of Warsaw

University of Warsaw is the leading research university and the largest higher education institution in Poland, with a comprehensive portfolio of research and teaching activities.

University of Tartu

The University of Tartu is Estonia’s leading centre of research and training and belongs to the top 1.2% of world’s best universities.

Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society

The Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society is exploring digitalisation together with economic, political and civil society stakeholders.

Endorsers and supporters

funded by

Erasmus+

What's included?

University of Groningen are offering everyone who joins this course a free digital upgrade, so that you can experience the full benefits of studying online for free. This means that you get:

  • Unlimited access to this course
  • Includes any articles, videos, peer reviews and quizzes
  • A PDF Certificate of Achievement to prove your success when you’re eligible
  • Learning on FutureLearn

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