How do we analyse sound?

As for movement analysis, there are both qualitative and quantitative approaches to the analysis of musical sound.

In everyday life, we use words to describe sounds. A sound may be bright, or a song may be sad. Sometimes we need more precise ways to describe sound. In this video you will learn about three different ways of visualising sound: waveform, spectrum, and spectrogram, and also that sounds may be described by means of sound descriptors.

Note that the article in step 2.13 elaborates on this step, and explains the waveform, spectrum and spectrogram.