The meaning of culture heritage

Hi, everyone. In this section, I’m going to continue to talk about the importance of the World Heritage Program and the definition of the culture heritage. In this section, I will continue to talk about the significant concept of World Heritage Program and the definition of the cultural heritage. Well, you can see from these images, it shows the importance of the organization of the World Heritage Programs. And this is the sign of the UNSCO world heritage center.

And this shows ICOMOS which is importance evaluation societies for the UNESCO world heritage properties, and you know, the UNESCO world heritage center established in 1976 and the ICOMOS and the ICOMOS established after the international council on the monument and the sites conference, which we call a commerce and established in1965. And this is another two important evaluation bodies for World Heritage Program, It’s the 1956 establishThe International Centre,we call the IUCN, The 1956 establish the International Center for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property,which we called ICCROM. You can see from the pyramid which shows importance of the heritage sites.

The top of the pyramid is a World Heritage, which process we will definitely use several cause to talk about outstanding universal value. It is the highest of the highest is the sites, the monument, the natural enrollment who process the outstanding universal value can be accessed and to evaluate as a World Heritage sites. And then there is a different level at the national level, at the provincial level, at the regional level, at the local level. And you know, you can assessment the universal value from the different level of the heritage sites. But the highest site is outstanding universal value to be the World Heritage site. Well, you can see from these images.

Now, there are more than one thousand World Heritage sites, which there are 869 culture heritage sites and 213 natural heritage sites. And 39 mixed heritage sites. Also there are 39 sites is transnational and transboundary and two sites has been deleted because of the conservation issues or suffering something issues like wars protein or other things are also can be leased in World Heritage in danger. And in this course we majorly talk about the criterion to assessment of what is the culture heritage site and what is the natural heritage site and what is a mixed site and other important issues about World Heritage and its tourism issues.

And now you can see that there are 167 countries has signed would have the convention has been the state parties for UNESCO World Heritage conventions. You can see from the pictures and what can you find. So the most important thing are that you can see from the red docs means the cultural heritage The one of the key issues is that majority of the cultural heritage is located in the Western, in Europe. So that is one key issue is that World Heritage depletion and its outstanding universal value is designed by western countries. So that you can see in China, in Africa, in America, or the Northern Americas, there are not many World Heritage sites as many as Western Europe.

And in these pictures also shows that you can see that the red site, the red site means World Heritage in danger. And most of these sites located in Africa and in Middle East Asia. So which means that because these areas suffering different kind of programs such as civil wars, the conflict between relations and the portion and environmental disasters. The one of the key issues for the UNESCO is to preserve this site and called for international help to remedy this problem. Well, the World Heritage operation of guidelines is one of the significant things I will talk about.

The World Heritage Committee, the main body in charge of the implementation of the Convention, has developed precise criteria for the inscription of properties on the World Heritage List and for the provision of international assistance under the World Heritage Fund. These are all included in a document entitled “Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention”. This document has been revised by the Committee to reflect new concepts, knowledge or experiences. The next section I’m going to talk about what is the cultural heritage. So what is a cultural heritage? Cultural property includes the physical or tangible cultural heritage such as artwork. These are generally split into two groups of movable and immovable heritage.

You can see that the immovable heritage includes buildings, so which themselves maybe include installed arts such as organs, stained glass windows and fresoes, large industrial installations or other historical place and monuments. Moveable heritage includes books, documents, moveable artworks, machines, clothing, and other artifacts, that are considered worthy of preservation for the future. These include objects significant to the archaeology, architecture, science or technology of a specified culture. architecture, science or technology of a specified culture. Well, you know, the actual definition for the World Heritage. There are three types of the things can be listed as a cultural heritage site. So one is the monuments.

Monuments include the architecture works, works of the monument, sculpture, planning elements, or structure of an archaeological lecture inscription, caves dealings, and the completion of features which are of outstanding universal value from the point of view of history, art or science. So the group buildings, the groups of separate or connected buildings which, because of their architecture, their homogeneity or their place in the landscape, are of outstanding universal value from the point of view of history, art or science. And the third category is the sites, which includes the works of man or the combined works of nature and man, and areas including archaeological sites which are of outstanding universal value from the historical, aesthetic, ethnological or anthropological point of view.

So, well, there are six criteria to evaluate which sites can be list as a world cultural heritage sites, once a property, if they, you know, fulfill one of the criteria that can be list as the World Heritage. The first criteria is representing a masterpiece of human creative genius. The second criteria is exhibiting exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design.

The third criteria is bearing bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared; So the fourth criteria is being an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history; The fifth criteria is being an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change; So the criteria six, which is a very special ones, is cannot be listed by itself, but to cooperate with one of the other four criteria.

So the six criteria is being directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. So this is the end of this section. The next section, we will continue to talk about each of the criterion to access the world cultural heritage site and each by each. Thank you.