Dr. Simon Devitt takes us on a brief tour of the history of key concepts in quantum error correction.
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In this video, Dr. Simon Devitt of Turing, Inc. joins us to talk briefly about the history of quantum error correction (QEC) from 1997 through the present. He leads us from Peter Shor’s original insight on how to correct bit flip and phase flip errors using separate classical error correction codes combined in a special way, through Alexei Kitaev’s insight that led to topological methods. Along the way, we meet Andrew Steane, Ray Laflamme, and Wojciech Zurek as well.
The included animation was developed by our colleague, Dr. Dominic Horsman, to accompany our paper introducing a new method of computing using one of the topological error correction schemes mentioned by Simon. Each of the balls represents a qubit. The large ones hold our quantum data, and the small ones are used when we extract the parity of a group of qubits. The glowing light represents execution of the CNOT gates that are used to calculate that parity. In the topological surface code shown in this video, the entire set of qubits shown holds one logical qubit with a code distance of four.
Besides his work at Turing, Dr. Devitt is the author of the review article “Quantum Error Correction for Beginners”. It is targeted at researchers who already have an understanding of many quantum concepts, and so might be a little advanced for most learners here, but check it out if you are interested.
This is the first of three video Steps with Simon that will carry us through the end of QEC. Next we pause for an Exercise in which you will get to try error correction for yourself. The we reconvene with Simon to discuss thresholds and error propagation, then in the final technical Video we discuss numbers and architectures for fault-tolerant, error-corrected quantum computers. After completion of quantum error correction, we will survey the state of the entire quantum computing industry as we wrap up the course.