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Reasoning by analogy
Analogical reasoning proceeds from the observation that things which are similar in some respects are probably similar in other respects too.
When we reason analogically, we proceed from the observation that two or more things are similar in some respects to the conclusion that they’re probably similar in some other respect as well. We can put that a little formally like this.
- P is similar to Q in certain known respects.
- P has some further feature– R.
Therefore, probably,
- Q also has the feature R.
