Nutrition recommendations for certain diseases and vegetarians

Cardiovascular disease Major reason for death in North America and second cause of deaths in Taiwan Symptoms are not obvious and are slow to develop Arterial lining damaged by smoking, diabetes, hypertension, homocysteine, viral and bacterial infections, and chronic inflammation Risk Factors for CVD including Genetics Close relative who died prematurely from CVD before age fifty Defects that affect lipoprotein metabolism or blood clotting Diet Recommendations for CVD Risk Reduction Balance calorie intake and physical activity to achieve or maintain a healthy body weight. Consume a diet rich in vegetables and fruits. Choose whole-grain, high-fiber foods. Consume fish. Limit intake of saturated fat, trans fat and cholesterol. Minimize your intake of beverages and foods with added sugars.

Choose and prepare foods with little or no salt. When consuming alcohol, do so in moderation. Hypertension Systolic BP contraction phase Diastolic BP relaxation phase BP is reported as systolic over diastolic Definitions for Hypertention Prehypertension is 140–159 over 90–99 mm Hg Stage one is 140–159 over 90–mm Hg and Stage 2 is over 160 mm Hg or greater over 100 mm Hg Risk Factors for Hypertension are including Black race, Youth, Male, Persistent DP over 115 mm Hg and smoking, diabetes. Dietary and Hypertension are DASH Diet is a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension. increase calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium in your diet is a diet plan that helps to lower blood pressure.

Also, inhypertention Weight management and cut down your alcohol do some physical activity and increase Omega-3 fatty acids Osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent diseases of aging. Strategies to reduce risks involve dietary calcium. Risk Factors and Protective Factors for Osteoporosis shows in this Table Dietary Calcium is the key to prevention osteoporosis. Other Nutrients including adequate protein. Adequate vitamin D Vitamin K protects against hip fractures. Vitamin C may slow bone loss. Magnesium and potassium help to maintain bone mineral density. Vitamin A is needed. Omega-3 fatty acids could be supplement. Fruits and vegetables is neede. And also need to educe salt. Phytochemicals such as lycopene is needed. Calcium-rich foods are best. Supplements may be needed when requirements are not met through foods.

Types of supplements including Antacids contain calcium carbonate. Bone meal or powdered bone, oyster shell or dolomite are calcium supplements. Vegetarian Eating Generally there are four different types of vegetarians First is strict vegetarian or vegan A vegetarian diet that excludes all animal products such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, cheese and other dairy products. Second is lactovegetarian A vegetarian diet that excludes meat, poultry, fish and eggs but includes dairy products Third is lacto-ovovegetarian A vegetarian diet that excludes meat, poultry and fish but includes eggs and dairy products. Most vegetarians in the United States fall into this category. And the final is flexitarian, A semi-vegetarian diet with a focus on vegetarian food with occasional meat consumption.

Nutrients to focus on for vegetarians include protein, Iron, calcium, Zinc and Vitamin B12. Thank you very much.