You should now be aware of the different challenges which affect the diagnosis and treatment of PTSD, as well as the related barriers to help-seeking. A common thread in these challenges is the importance of taking into account contextual factors in assessing, preventing and treating PTSD. For example, showing awareness of the potential impact of culture on how an individual presents with PTSD can allow for more accurate diagnosis, identification of potential barriers related to culture, and the development of a personalised, sustainable and effective treatment plan.