David Anderson
Intense interest in Antimicrobial Resistance, Bacteria & Infectious Disease Transmission & Control, Epidemiology, Immunology, Epidemics, Pandemics, Tropical Parasitology, Virology & Vaccinology.
Location Dallas, Texas U.S.A.
Activity
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David Anderson made a comment
Due to "misrecognization" of normal cells as foreign and thus begins an attack on said normal cells
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David Anderson made a comment
David Anderson from Texas! I am a student looking forward to learning all possible from this course!
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David Anderson made a comment
In the comments area, write which one of these research topics you are most interested in and give a reason for your choice?
...I'm interested in it all! But in particular, interested in both antimicrobial and antibiotic restistance.
...https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4888801/
...https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/antimicrobial-resistance -
David Anderson made a comment
Are you a scientist, healthcare professional, bioinformatician, student, or simply interested in the topic?
...Student very interested in the topic.Tell us a little about which part of the world you’re from and why bacterial genomes are of interest to you?
...Hello everyone I am David Anderson from Dallas, TX! I have a very Intense interest in... -
David Anderson made a comment
The main differences between the Salk and Sabin vaccines were the Salk vaccine was injectible and Sabin was oral.
How close are we to the eradication of Polio? - 99% with only 3 countries continuing the transmission of polio. The 3 countries are Afghanistan, Nigeria and Pakistan. -
David Anderson made a comment
Can you think of any diseases that were more common when you were a child but are less common now?
...Polio, smallpox, chicken pox,....However it does seem that Influenza is always a commonality, globally. -
David Anderson made a comment
The impact of immunization is hopefully, a robust immune system. This has been shown over and over again through the years via immunization studies, worldwide. Without it, millions would die, and overall life expectancy would drop incredibly.
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What are the key differences between the adaptive immune response and the innate immune response to a thorn puncturing someone’s hand?
...innate reaction is immediate, adaptive would react later if there was an introduction of an infection
How do the innate immune response and the adaptive immune response work together to fight off invading... -
Why do you think the human body has both an innate and adaptive response to pathogens?
...so that we may respond appropriately to any kind of infection.
What problems do you think it would cause if one or both of these responses were compromised?
...this would result in a compromised immune system -
I dealt with acute eczema as a child, until finally the use of cortisone ointments were prescribed as a cure.
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David Anderson made a comment
Key challenges faced in the Ebola outbreak of 2014:
The first challenge was not knowing the ultimate reservoir for Ebola. It is thought this outbreak began with infection via bats. This alerted us to the next challenge, which was the consumption of “bushmeat” or indigenous animals (such as bats), which was common in the regions. Weak surveillance systems... -
David Anderson made a comment
I was shocked to find out that 11 people in the US were treated for Ebola. I thought it was more like 4-5.
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David Anderson made a comment
Recent developments
Seehttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323479.php
Antibiotic resistance is now worldwide
• Prevention & control-To reduce spread of infection, behavior changes must include-Vaccination, Hand washing, Safe sex, Better food hygiene
• Individuals -Only when prescribed, Never demand, Always follow your doctor’s advice, Never... -
David Anderson made a comment
Key new developments
...https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323479.php?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_country=US&utm_hcp=no&utm_campaign=MNT%20Daily%20Full%20%28non-HCP%20US%29%20-%20OLD%20STYLE%202018-10-27&utm_term=MNT%20Daily%20News%20%28non-HCP%20US%29
What policy and investment changes are being made to target the antibiotic resistance... -
David Anderson made a comment
What do you do?
...not prescribe, but run appropriate test panels and alert patient to findings.
What would you say to this patient having made your decision?
...that to prescribe unneeded antibiotics can in fact harm the patient even more so by allowing strains of bacteria to become resistant and making it so they no longer work when really needed -
David Anderson made a comment
How common are hospital acquired infections?
...very
Can you identify at least three reasons why hospital acquired infections may occur?
...contamination via person to person, or via infected bedding, instruments, etc,
How do hospitals reduce the risk of infections being passed between patients?
...implementation of stringent protocols regarding... -
David Anderson made a comment
Where do you think you are at most risk of picking up an infection?
...in an area with lots of people
Who is most at risk of picking up an infection?
...those with compromised immune systems...i.e. children, older adults, HIV patients.
What do you see as the key risks of communicable diseases to you?
...close quarters with larger groups of people, and... -
David Anderson made a comment
What strategies do you think public health officials in affected countries use to combat the occurrence of malaria?
...spraying, removal of stagnant water sources, netting
Can you think of any other approaches that might be developed to help to eradicate malaria?
...yes, a vaccine. -
What would you say are the key differences between bacteria and viruses?
...Viruses are much smaller than bacteria, have a protein coat surrounding some genetic material ie nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA). Some viruses contain polymerase enzyme for replicating the nucleic acid. -
David Anderson made a comment
Identify particular risk factors that contribute or play a role in diarrhoeal disease
...Immune system function of very young and the very old.Consider the biological, behavioural and psychosocial pathways that operate across an individual’s life course, and discuss the ‘causes of the causes’
...the stability of the country one lives, in, age of... -
David Anderson made a comment
In which countries are infant mortality rates highest and lowest?
...AustralisWhich countries have the highest burden of disease?
...Afganistan and AfricaHow could the determinants of health and life course approach be used to explain the differences in health outcomes?
Is there a relationship between mortality rates and levels of spending on...
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David Anderson made a comment
Consider the life course approach stages: gestation, childhood, adolescence, young adulthood and later adult life.
Which of the stages in the life course approach have an impact on type 2 diabetes?
...Type 2 diabetes would impact in the young adulthood to later adult life stages as this disease typically occurs over a long period of time due to aging, the... -
David Anderson made a comment
What are the specific factors that have resulted in child malnutrition & where do they fit within the Determinants of Health model?
...specific shortages of food, ultra high inflation rate,
What are the consequences (both short & long term) of malnutrition for these children & for Venezuela as a country?
...malnutrition can lead to short term death, and... -
David Anderson made a comment
What are the similarities and differences between the two approaches?
...similarities include behaviors, biological traits,
How does the life course approach help to identify risk factors that could cause or contribute to the development of disease?
...by comparison of psycosocial, behavioral, and biological paths operating across the lives of people. -
David Anderson made a comment
looks like roughly a 5 to 10 gap between sexes within the IMD. These gaps were caused by many different criteria including location, socioeconomics, life expectancies, which in turn could be utilized by epidemiologists in establishing "patterns" that were created by these and other criteria, and thus aiding in their job.
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David Anderson made a comment
What are your views on the key messages in the Marmot Review?
...I think they look good on paper, but they are like "wishful thinking", "pie in the sky", "when pigs fly".
How successful do you think these policy objectives would be in improving health?
...I don't think they will be successful as they are rather broad in scope and definition. Not really... -
1. Is there evidence to show causality?
...Yes, and within the parameters of the Bradford Hill Criteria.
2. Does each criterion apply to the relationship between smoking and lung cancer?
...For the most part, yes.
3. How strong is the evidence that you have found?
...The evidence was pretty solid, providing strong links between smoking and lung cancer.... -
David Anderson made a comment
How does the use of multiple criteria for measuring a risk factor strengthen understanding of causes of disease?
...because it is by the utilization of the 9 Bradford Hill Criteria that we learn not only causality, but we walk away with hopefully a much more comprehensive understanding of just how a novel or existing pathogen works...that is..."what makes it... -
David Anderson made a comment
How does John Snow’s investigation of the cholera epidemics in London fit with the epidemiological research process and research question?
...John Snow utilized a process that included:
Population - those that were taken ill with cholera.
Risk Factor – cholera and where it's source was.
Standard or control – number of outbreaks in homes by... -
David Anderson made a comment
Do you think the smoking ban has been effective? Overall I do feel that this is a step in the right direction. Bar workers are healthier due to a lack of 2nd hand smoke. This will continue to take time as much more information needs to be gathered over the upcoming years in an effort to spot trends etc.
...smoking rates before the ban indicated 14% of... -
David Anderson made a comment
Look back at cancer & COPD examples you investigated in the previous step. Which side(s) of the epidemiological triad do they represent?
...Both Cancer & COPD are diseases that should hopefully vary over time, (with the advent of new medicines, procedures, surgery, standards, etc.) between places, & between subpopulation with different characteristics (as... -
David Anderson made a comment
Why would prevalence be used as a measure of the distribution/frequency of COPD?
...Prevalence – the burden or proportion of the disease in a population (the total number of cases.) Incidence – the rate at which people get the disease (the number of new cases, would not be the best measure as COPD is a disease that typically lasts a while)
Why would... -
David Anderson made a comment
How can population pyramids be used to measure demographic changes in a country over time?
...These can show decline and rise of populations, broken down more specifically by country, sex, age, year, along with even more specific criteria that will be affected when categorized along these lines, so that finally a true representation or a brighter light is now... -
David Anderson made a comment
How do you think these population changes could help you to understand the causes of disease?
...by considering these factors carefully, (Births, Deaths, Life Expectancy, & Migration) we should be able to have a much better "background grasp" of the overall health of the populous, as these factors are the main "drivers". Once we have a good background grasp,... -
David Anderson made a comment
What are the characteristics that make the ideal OPAT antimicrobial agent?
Spectrum of activity
Mode of delivery
Pharmacokinetics
Potential for unintended consequences / adverse drug reactions -
David Anderson made a comment
Can you think of any challenges that OPAT faces in your organization in terms of addressing your stewardship goals?
- The only issue I can foresee at this time would be that one might find issue with the fact that you might actually have two separate sets of goals, one with OPAT, and the other with the antimicrobial stewardship. This should be easily... -
David Anderson made a comment
Please share your reflections on this course with us in the discussion.
- I enjoyed the course, and feel this is a great course, along with others in explaining the importance of antibiotic resistance.Tell us what you enjoyed and if there was anything that you were hoping to get out of this course that was not included.
- I especially enjoyed the... -
David Anderson made a comment
I think it's interesting that now the "anti-bacterial" soaps are going away in the US as a part of antibiotic resistance programs
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Was this something you were aware of?
- Yes I was aware of the "cold vs. hot" non-differential in hand washing and feel this can be a point to re-iterate in an attempt to bring up the total percentage of active hand washing in clinical environments.Has this made you think about hand washing in your workplace?
- ABSOLUTELY. I feel this is a subject... -
David Anderson made a comment
What might such an outbreak plan include?
- include a detailed "what to look for?" coupled with a detailed "what to do"
Who should be aware of this plan?
- all heads of departments, right down to treatment staff.
What might the barriers be to the plan being used?
- initially the greatest barrier will be that of resistance to "change". However this... -
David Anderson made a comment
Reservoir: Human
Portal of exit: Skin
Mode of transmission: Direct contact w/infected or indirect via items used by infected
Portal of entry: Skin . -
David Anderson made a comment
What are the different roles and responsibilities of the staff, and who are the key stakeholders that you rely upon for advice on prevention and control?
- Key responsibility here is that all of those coming into direct contact with patients or indirect contact via surfaces and/or other people who then will come into direct contact with patients. -
David Anderson made a comment
Have you come across infection outbreaks in the work place and have these been difficult to treat with antibiotics?
- Yes, I've had to deal with varying degrees of MRSA.Share your experiences in the discussion:
- Personally, I have had this twice. Each time it took a combination of two antibiotics simultaneously used to combat and kill the MRSA strain. -
David Anderson made a comment
Now you’ve had a chance to meet us, why don’t you introduce yourself to us and say ‘hello’ to your fellow learners in the comments:
- I'm David Anderson from Dallas, TX! HELLO to everyone!!!Tell us your motivation for joining this course:
- Gain experience in curbing the global issue of Antimicrobial Resistance -
David Anderson made a comment
What challenges did you face in collecting data and how did you overcome them?
- Biggest challenges I've seen typically were getting "buy-in" from the existing staff, especially doctors who were somewhat "set in their ways" - this was overcome by a clear presentation up front indicating the dire need to keep our antibiotics still effective.How did you...
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David Anderson made a comment
Why is the prevalence of antibiotic use higher in the surgical directorate than in the medical directorate?
This would be due to antibiotics being needed more to inhibit infection(s) arising from
pre & post operation(s). -
David Anderson made a comment
Did you download the tool from the previous step and collect any data?
Yes I downloaded the tool to keep for reference and to pass on to others!Have you collected data before?
Absolutely. I have been an auditor for years in corporations and accurate data collection
is imperative.If so, tell others how you found using this tool. Was...
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David Anderson made a comment
In the discussion please share:
Where in the world you are: Hello all! I'm David Anderson and I'm currently in Dallas, Texas.
What you do: I am currently a student
Why you are taking this course: Intense interest in Antimicrobial Resistance, Bacteria & Infectious Disease Transmission & Control, Epidemiology, Immunology, Epidemics,...
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David Anderson made a comment
After having completed this course how do you view plagues and pandemics?
- I view plagues and pandemics with much more respect at a bare minimum due to the horrendous numbers of lives lost.
How do you view infection now?
- I look at it as something that is to not be taken lightly as it can quickly turn into a pandemic situation if not given the proper... -
David Anderson made a comment
Should vaccination be compulsory?
- Yes, time has shown the effectiveness of a good vaccination program.
Share with the rest of us your position on vaccination.
- I believe strongly that vaccines work, there's simply too much epidemiological information showing the numbers. Even if we only strive to obtain what is called "herd immunity" - we can make a... -
David Anderson made a comment
Have a look on your country’s government websites for official guidelines on preventing infectious diseases in healthcare settings. Can you find any? Share with the group. You can provide links.
- From the Centers for Disease Control - https://www.cdc.gov/hai/
- From the World Health Organization - http://www.who.int/infection-prevention/en/
- From the ... -
David Anderson made a comment
Do you think health workers should still take these precautions even when patients are not showing signs or symptoms of infectious disease?
- Yes it is imperative that all precautionary steps are taken or one will learn quickly what an "incubation period" is. (That is, the period of time after infection until one begins to show symptoms, however, this DOES... -
David Anderson made a comment
Prior to watching the interview with Dr Macbeth, what was your thinking on deforestation and land development?
- Honestly I feel that as human being on this planet and supposedly one of the highest level thinkers as well as on the food chain, it should be each and every one's commitment to raise awareness/concern for all things great and small that are... -
David Anderson made a comment
Can you think of ways to break the chain of infection for Hendra virus?
1.) Mandatory Vaccination Program for all Equine.
2.) Implement new program for establishing/maintaining/curbing the fruit bat (flying fox) habitat so they no longer are forced to roost and eat more often in ‘human’ territory. Bottom line here is that mankind created this issue by... -
David Anderson made a comment
Do you get the annual flu vaccine? Yes I do get an influenza shot each year.
Why or why not? I used to not get these, as I really never got the flu very often at all. Is it provided through your school/workplace or do you get it yourself? It is provided via my healthcare provider. Share your experience with other learners. This past year, if did receive... -
David Anderson made a comment
We asked you back in step 1.5 what kind of infectious diseases you or anyone you know have experienced. Now we’d like to ask, were any of these infections drug resistant or otherwise difficult to treat? Share your experiences in the discussion area.
I've personally dealt with MRSA both on myself and with others. We are finding more and more that folks are... -
David Anderson made a comment
In today's world of advanced forms of communication...I think the fallout of a plague today could promote global hysteria, but these same forms of communication can be utilized to keep this from happening as well.
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David Anderson made a comment
I really liked the "Chain of Transmission" study. This is really good for beginning epidemiology to take in all of the factors involved in the transmission of infectious disease.
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David Anderson made a comment
Tell us whether you think we are truly pandemic ready or not. Why? In some ways yes, others no. Yes in the fact we have come leaps and bounds in epidemiology and the ways in which we combat disease, but no due to way a true pandemic would spread, plus the fact that for it to hit pandemic status, it would most likely be a novel variant or totally novel...
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David Anderson made a comment
One sort of a neat thought here is that if deforestation is a help in the transmission of disease, then why don't we in fact begin a kind of ruling for any and all development projects that with each occurrence within, we setup mandatory "forestation" within that occurrence, along specific guidelines that can be measured to obtain quantifiable results therein....
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David Anderson made a comment
Infectious Agent – The infectious agent here is the Rubeola virus (Measles)
Reservoir – The reservoir here is human populations, and specifically within the nose, throats, and
respiratory tracts therein.
Portals of Exit – Portal of exit here is typically droplet from nose/mouth and then spread via air/wind
currents.
Mode of Transmission –... -
David Anderson made a comment
Within the pet industry I have seen many outbreaks of ringworm, (tinea corporis), parvovirus, & demodectic mange. Treatments varied greatly within these infections from using bleach to destroy fungal infection to antibiotics and intravenous fluids in others.
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David Anderson made a comment
No issues here with the current glossary.
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David Anderson made a comment
Hello ALL!!! ;-) I am David Anderson from Dallas, TX! I am about to begin work on my Master's Degree (I have an Associate's of Applied Sciences degree in Substance Abuse Counseling and a Bachelor's of Business Administration degree in Computer Information Systems. I have approximately 32 certifications from several of the online MOOCS including: Challenges...
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David Anderson made a comment
This is a nightmare that just won't end.
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David Anderson replied to David Anderson
Thanks!...We "David's" gotta stick together!!!! LOL - Cheers!
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David Anderson made a comment
• What type of infection does Vincent have?
- most likely nosocomial respiratory infection
• Which are the most likely causative microorganisms?
- Enterobacteriaceae - Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, & Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
• What are the likely serious complications of this infection?
- Bronchitis, pneumonia, death. -
David Anderson made a comment
What type of infection does Bill have?
- anitbiotic resistant LUTI (Lower Urinary Tract Infection)
Which are the most likely causative microorganisms?
- E.coli, most likely
Should you consider the possibility of antibiotic resistant GNB when deciding antimicrobial therapy to treat Bill’s infection? Why or why not?
- Yes, due to the sheer number of... -
David Anderson made a comment
• What type of urinary tract infection does Carol have?
- A lower urinary tract infection, or LUTI
• What is the most common causative pathogen?
- Most likely E.coli is the causal pathogen
• What are the likely common complications of this infection?
- Complications can include: renal sepsis and/or pyelonephritis. -
David Anderson made a comment
Dallas
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David Anderson made a comment
Im David Anderson and I'm a student in Dallas, Tx. Howdy to all!
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David Anderson made a comment
What other factors might motivate people to engineer pathogens that could cause dangerous outbreaks? - Money, Power
Which organisations would be stakeholders in the management of a bioterrorism event?
W.H.O., NIH, CDC, then state & local jurisdictionsDo you think the health care system in your country would be prepared for a bioterrorism attack? -...
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David Anderson made a comment
Zika, here in the US.
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David Anderson made a comment
First responders are typically doctors, hospitals, ambulatory personnel. A true bio-terrorism event would usually signal first an event to suggest bioterrorism, but then usually followed by a group that would take "credit" for the act.
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David Anderson made a comment
PCR appears to be best.
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David Anderson made a comment
The environment today I feel is having a negative effect on the world's populations. In saying this I am concerned that the ability to fight off infection and contagions is affected negatively.
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David Anderson made a comment
All of those without known cures concern me most.
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David Anderson made a comment
Ebola - Reston Virgina - USA
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David Anderson made a comment
Viruses - need a host
Bacteria - can replicate without host -
David Anderson replied to David Anderson
Thank you for your kind words. :-)
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David Anderson replied to rachel u
Excellent comments Rachel! I completely agree with you in regards to how organizations don't want to frighten or scare people.
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David Anderson made a comment
Issues raised:
1.) An "out of season" outbreak of influenza ?
2.) Lack of information from Department of Health ?
3.) Alex's boss and others in his office don't take his being in charge of disease control & bio-terrorism seriously
4.) Hospitals are filling up
5.) Origination of outbreak looked to be Mendona Primary School, yet upon closer inspection... -
David Anderson made a comment
Hello I'm David Anderson from Dallas, Texas. I have an Intense interest in Antimicrobial Resistance, Bacteria & Infectious Disease Transmission & Control, Epidemiology, Immunology, Epidemics, Microbiome, Pandemics, Tropical Parasitology, Protozoans, Worms, Vaccinology, Vectors & Virology. I have taken over 28 other online MOOCS and am currently taking one...
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I am David Anderson, from Dallas, Texas. This will be the 4th forensic class I have taken, and the 28th MOOC. Please to meet everyone! :-)
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David Anderson made a comment
Discuss the role of the ‘reward pathway’ in the development of addiction...
...The release of dopamine, which is the "pleasure" part of the drug.
Discuss the manner by which tolerance and withdrawal can reinforce addictive behaviors...
...1.)Tolerance - the more one becomes tolerant - the more of the drug of choice will be required to reach & stimulate... -
David Anderson made a comment
My thoughts keep going back to the verbage of "He or She has an addictive personality" - which I've never really agreed with so much.
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David Anderson made a comment
Tell us about yourself...I am David Anderson, from Dallas, TX. I have take 26 other "MOOCs" from FutureLearn, Iversity, Coursera, Edx, Udemy, and a few other MOOC providers. I am currently working on my LCDC (Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor) certification.
Your expectations of this course...I am hoping this course will provide some valuable... -
David Anderson made a comment
Great to meet you all! Forgive me for my lateness...I tried to arrive asap...but my dog ate my computer. lol.
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Thank you so much for that!!! Fascinating stuff!!!
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David Anderson replied to Liliana Mazzillo
I agree Liliana. Feedback is a wonderful tool & face-to-face (if time, funds, & personnel permit) is even better.
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David Anderson made a comment
Does power difference have impact? Absolutely! Change I feel comes about much more easily via a close, personal touch, rather than via say....email.
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David Anderson made a comment
What is diverticular disease?
...a condition in which muscle spasm in the colon (lower intestine) in the presence of diverticula causes abdominal pain and disturbance of bowel function without inflammation. -
David Anderson made a comment
I found it interesting the comment on the appendix..."It was used in lower order mammals. But in the humans, it maybe has some lymphoidal function. It helps to produce lymph for immune cells." ...This makes me wonder how one is affected by an appendectomy if they can no longer product lymph for immune cells? Would this in turn adversely affect the immune...
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David Anderson made a comment
Respond to one or more of the following:
‘Six packs’ – vanity or a sensible health choice?
...I feel this this can be attributed to both. In today's "Social Media World" one can see this everywhere, which attributes to our sense of vanity pretty much. But is it in fact "healthy" to both "have & consistently keep" a body-fat range required to achieve so... -
David Anderson made a comment
Incision marks interesting indeed.
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David Anderson made a comment
I do agree with the importance of culture in antimicrobial stewardship. Some good key points I liked from her discussion...
1.) getting the bug/drug patient combination right to ensure the effectiveness of the antibiotics we use. This is because antibiotic therapy remains a specialty that requires knowledge and expertise. - Hallelujah! - I TOTALLY AGREE... -
David Anderson made a comment
I really liked his "3 question scenario"...
1.) What are we trying to accomplish?
2.) How will we know the change is an improvement?
3.) And what changes can we make that will lead to improvement?
also, his idea of "Build the process of measurement into daily work" is excellent and I'm reminded of the saying..."How do we know where we're going if we don't... -
David Anderson replied to Syed Javaid Ahmad
I agree completely. Success should always be measurable or else it leaves itself open for scrutiny. And success is generally better and accomplished easier in a team approach.
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David Anderson made a comment
Could there also be role for biomarkers in a situation like this?
...I believe yes. -
David Anderson made a comment
Do you think that getting to know which micro organisms are causing Bill’s symptoms is relevant?
...absolutely, yes.Why?
...To fix the patient, & any other issues as a result of what is found.What, in his past medical history & in his clinical presentation, makes it more important to find the etiology of Bill’s infection?
...Because of the massive...
