Jennifer Jordan
I am an associate professor of Human Resource Management & Organizational Behavior at the University of Groningen. My training is based in social psychology (M.A., M. Phil., PhD. Yale University).
Location Groningen, The Netherlands
Activity
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Good to hear, Peter!
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Good to hear, Amubiaya.
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That is exactly right, Tim. Thanks for clarifying.
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Thanks so much, Taofiki.
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Ah! My pleasure, Roxana. Thanks.
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Thanks, Charles!
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That is great to hear, Aleksander.
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that's a really beautiful story, Geoff. I hope your son is now well.
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Thanks, Victor. Glad to hear it was useful for you.
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thanks, Robert!
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Sheila Farr
Nice summary of the situation, Sheila!
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Absolutely! Because the society around us has such a strong influence on our own implicit associations, people in various groups tend to hold negative stereotypes about their own groups, Robert.
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Absolutely, all media influences the way we see the world around us, Christy!
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Hi Charles. What the IAT measures is your "implicit association" between two concepts. So, in some way, it is about your reaction time, as we ACCURATELY react more quickly to association that tap into implicit associations that are already represented in our psyches.
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Jua Ma
Thanks, Juann! I'm glad you find them interesting. It is a nice challenge to think about interesting ways to present these phenomenon.
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Thanks, Amubiaya! I'm glad you finding them useful. That was my intention :)
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I like your way of explaining it, Ishmael!
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Charles E.
thanks, Charles. My pleasure!
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that is correct, Charlotte.
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Great example, Alan! (glad I don't drive an Audi ;)
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I agree with Angus. Great example, Geoff!
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nice example of the base-rate fallacy, Cesar!
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I agree, Ian!
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Interesting, Geoff. I was not aware of this.
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You are right on track, Robert! I talk about some of this in the session to follow!
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Glad to hear you're liking it, Julie :)
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there are no rules against long comments, Anarchy :-p
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Very much so! (which I talk about in the next session :)
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This is not a norm as much as it is language development, Sheila. Now, how the child uses the language (voice intonation, pitch, etc) - is a sort of norm.
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Great example, Bruce! thanks for sharing.
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Or would that be an injunctive norm?
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Hah hah! As I am in London at the moment, I can relate, Stephen! Nice example.
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how so, Yashim?
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Thoughtful point, Alasdair!
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Oh! thanks for catching my error, Alasdair!
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Or tip jars should always have a bit of money in there :)
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Hi Charlotte. Very perceptive questions! I would agree with you that it is difficult to compare the injunctive norms used in the towel experiment (i.e., a note placed on a card) with those in the littering experiment (i.e., what a single person did). As I explain in my article summary, I actually consider both norms in the littering study to be sort of...
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Yes, Farid, but that is not change that we consciously impose ourselves. That is change that nature imposes upon us in order to survive! Quite a different "kettle of fish" :)
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I would agree with Alan - we like to feel in control of our environments.
But even if you say that you like change, Linda, I would venture to guess that there are some habits you rely on: breakfast foods, taking a certain route to work, a weekend morning routine, etc. -
I think that you demonstrate my point exactly, Alasdair. 2, 4, 6 confirms to a pattern that you have in your head (mostly likely from experience and imprinting) - of even, increasing numbers. BUT it just as well conforms to increasing numbers. If I chose something like 2, 59, 364, it wouldn't have demonstrated my point, as fully!
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we absolutely are, Yacouba!
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Thanks for trying to clarify this point, Seamus. Yes, I meant that hotels often encourage its guests to reuse their own towel two nights (or more) in a row rather than get a freshly laundered towel. Sorry if that wasn't extremely clear.
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Alesandro. It might help if you can compare it with some reference point. In the original article, the mean scores (adding up the points for each sub scale) were: 25.9 and 26.6 for men and women, respectively, on private self-consciousness, and 18.9 and 19.3 for men and women, respectively, on public self consciousness. Hope this helps put your scores in context!
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Allan Brown
Good question, Allen. It helps if you can compare it with some reference point. In the original article, the mean scores (adding up the points for each sub scale) were: 25.9 and 26.6 for men and women, respectively, on private self-consciousness, and 18.9 and 19.3 for men and women, respectively, on public self consciousness. Hope this helps put your scores in...
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Dave Hall
It helps if you can compare your scores with some reference point. In the original article, the mean scores (adding up the points for each sub scale) were: 25.9 and 26.6 for men and women, respectively, on private self-consciousness, and 18.9 and 19.3 for men and women, respectively, on public self consciousness. Hope this helps put your scores in context!
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Erma Smeenk
Yes - being more self aware indicates that you are higher in self-monitoring. They are fairly highly correlated.
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Oscar J
good suggestion, Asker. We'll take that into account for the future. Thanks.
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Julian de Paula
Good question, Julian. It helps if you can compare it with some reference point. In the original article, the mean scores (adding up the points for each sub scale) were: 25.9 and 26.6 for men and women, respectively, on private self-consciousness, and 18.9 and 19.3 for men and women, respectively, on public self consciousness. Hope this helps put your scores...
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Hasmita Bhatt
that is a good point, Hasmita. We often adapt our answers and they are not always how we actually act. But besides getting a close friend or family member to fill this out about you, self-report is the best option we have for measuring self-consciousness.
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Hi Denis. I like that you are asking about groups. I am not exactly sure about your question though. If you would elaborate, I might be able to answer.
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Self awareness of one's emotions is a very important part of emotional intelligence (the dimension "managing emotions"). But it is not the same thing. There are three other dimensions: facilitating thought, perceiving emotions, and understanding emotions.
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Jennifer Jordan made a comment
Sorry to hear that some of you ran into problems running the IAT. Yes - I don't think it is possible on either a smart phone or tablet. But for those of you who didn't get the opportunity to try it, I'd suggest trying it on a laptop or desktop. I think it's quite an interesting and revealing experience!
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Yes - this is not surprising at all. For example, I am a working woman and I still associate women with family!
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Allan Brown
Thanks, Allan. At least from an HR perspective, I think this is the most destructive part of stereotyping. I see people get passed over for jobs all the time based on stereotyping.
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Jennifer Jordan replied to G H
Thanks for sharing your experience with us, Henk. And congrats on your nice Futurelearn Score :)
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Thanks for your wonderful stories, Anne and Stephen. They brought me a good smile :))
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If you win the lottery, Michael or Alan, you have to promise to share some of it with me. Hah!
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I think that is more about inflated self-perceptions, Ernest :)
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Jennifer Jordan replied to [Learner left FutureLearn]
Good luck, Stephen. Inspiring example!
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When it comes to medical treatments, I believe there is data to show that being positive/hopeful is helpful for one's prognosis!
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Gorgeous quote, Jon.
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There is a theory that superstitions start during periods where people feel they lack control (e.g., if I don't know when I am going to hit a home run or not hit a home run, when I finally hit one and am wearing my favorite red baseball cap, I develop the superstitious belief that the two are connected). (NOTE: Jennifer Jordan has NEVER hit a home run. Maybe I...
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Thanks, Michel and Katherine. (although I'm still trying to get over the fact that they seemed to freeze my face when I was making a VERY strange face!)
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Maybe I can help Ditta's and Marilyn's confusion. Because individuals need/seek control of their environment, when they think they lack it, they look for ways to create control. To bring back the notion that the world is not chaotic and unpredictable.
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See my response above, Henk.
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As for your comment about bias, Henk, a bias is not the same as a pre-existing belief. Why? A bias has some sort of qualitative nature to it - that is, good or bad. Whereas, a pre-existing belief can be free of positive or negative qualification (e.g., I can have a pre-existing belief that all apples are grown in the US - even though they are not).
make sense?
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First off, great explanation, Bruce. I couldn't have done it better myself!
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hah! Still trying to get people to think I'm always right, Manon. Hasn't worked yet for me :)
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Hah! I remember those days… thanks, Ibrahima.
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Brilliant example, Ernest.
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this is super interesting, Rebecca. Thanks.
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Hah! That one brought me a laugh, Chris. Thanks!
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Peter - good suggestion. Maybe I'll incorporate it into a future MOOC :)
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That is indeed possible, Denis. Awareness affects people's behavior.
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Yes, you are definitely in the minority, Duncan! The data shows that most people are pretty inert - change or newness is not desirable to most folks!
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Hi Jon. Then you are in the minority. When most people hear 2 4 6, they develop a preconception about the pattern.
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because I consider myself so gender neutral, Margaret! It's amazing to me how these implicit associations can outlast exposure to so many contrary examples.
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If you like the topic of consumer behavior, this is quite an interesting book: "Simple: Conquering the Crisis of Complexity" by Siegel and Etzkorn. It is not really on the topic you request, Aart, but they talk about the role of reducing psychological complexity in the marketplace in order to affect consumer behavior. Interesting and well-written.
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The only book I know about is "Self-Organizing Complexity in Psychological Systems" by Piers, Muller, and Brent. It's an edited volume of essays. I have read a couple of them and was impressed. But it is an academic book - written for psychologists not laypeople interested in the topic.
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Aart Martens
Good question, Aart. Experts rely on what are known as schemas - which are frameworks that characterize a given situation. Their expertise and education allows them to know the correct schema to apply to a given situation. And schemas are often applied very quickly without much deliberation. So, schemas and stereotypes share many similarities. That said, we...
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Marc: What you are talking about are what are called "counterfactuals" - that is, imagining "what could have been." And counterfactuals are indeed more likely to occur for changes that we impose upon ourselves rather than changes that are imposed externally. That said, the data still all point to the fact that humans would prefer to have control over their...
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Hah! It was certainly a challenge, Rene. But I like challenges. Life is so boring without them :))
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Thanks for the kind words, Kristijan. Really appreciate them.
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Hi Aart. I would be happy to try and give you some of the information that you are looking for but I am not 100% clear on your request. Are you asking for literature that addresses which factors make a human being perceive something as complex? And then, once it is perceived as complex, the best practices for dealing with uncertainty?
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Thanks for these comments, Mike, Joeri, Sven, Arielle, and Adrian. I would say that complexity is a perceptual phenomenon - making it inherently psychological. Humans perceive complexity and everyone perceives the level of complexity in their environment differently - as well as responds to it differently.
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Hah hah! Great comments and responses, Cassandra and John. Brought me a smile. But I wouldn't equate desire to learn with self-awareness. I'm sure they are positively correlated but certainly not synonymous. As a social psychologist (who studies these things for a living!), I am often surprised at how much of my own biases go unnoticed until someone or...
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Lisa Byford
Nice food for thought, Lisa. Thanks for sharing.
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Hi Philip. You actually can take the test and just skip over all that personal information. Just don't fill in anything.
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I would agree that slightly biases should not be a sign for concern, Oscar.
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Good for you, Tom. Awareness is the first step. I was horrified by my strong connection between women and family. :-s
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Rod Hall
Hah, Rod! Age is no barrier to learning. As my 87 year old grandma says, "where there is a will, there is a way." Do you mean courses that are physically at the RUG? Or do you specifically mean online courses?
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Eleanor Liu
Yes, Marc. But those "generalized assumptions", as you call them, can have negative effects for our decision-making and how we respond to the people around us. I am not saying that stereotyping (which I see as the same as "generalized assumptions") is necessarily wrong. Only trying to illustrate that it CAN have undesirable effects, which we should be aware of.
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Hmmm…and what role do the Americans and Dutch have in heaven, Ruud? ;)
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Jennifer Jordan replied to Mike Talbert
Hi Mike. Sorry you feel that the lectures this week have left the "rails of the track." Maybe I can help to provide some clarity on their relevance to the main topic of the course (using this lecture as an example). The course is on decision making in a complex and uncertain world. Stereotyping is a response to the complexity in our environment. We use...
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Hi Darren and Rene. Thanks for these comments. Perhaps I can help by providing some clarity. Any pre-formed assumption about a group of people IS considered a stereotype. BUT, not all stereotypes are negative (e.g., Asians are good at math, women are warm and nurturing). But stereotypes CAN be negative and have deleterious effects.
And to address Rene's... -
Prejudice is a negative feeling that one has toward a group. Stereotyping can be both positive and negative. For example, I can have a stereotype that Asians are good at math.
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Hi Vincent. I see your point, but there is a large body of convincing data (see the 1956 studies by Sherif) showing that exposure if important for combating intergroup stereotypes. But you are right that it is not about mere exposure. Often times what is needed is further, in depth interactions to help combat the stereotypes.
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Hah! Indeed, Harrie. That is a situation in which you REALLY don't want to fall back into habitual behavior. I normally drive a manual transmission and find that when I am extremely tired or mentally distracted and have to drive an automatic, my right hand keeps searching for the stick shift!
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Hah! I don't have one. So that makes two of us, Laima. :)
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Brilliant, Dugal.
