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Exploring horizontal codices

Watch Takahiro Sasaki trace horizontal books from Japan to Tibet, Yunnan, and India, and uncover their surprising origins in palm-leaf manuscripts.

Not all codices are taller than they are wide.

What can we learn from books that have a horizontal form? In Japan, horizontal books were used for a variety of purposes. But similar shapes can also be found in other parts of Asia.

Let’s follow the horizontal form and see where it takes us.

  • Taishokkan 大職冠. 1600-1640, British Library, Or.13129
  • Edo kagami 江戸鑑. 1691, British Library, Or.75.f8
  • A Naxi manuscript. British Library, Moso 92
  • A Naxi manuscript. British Library, Or.13077
  • Hannya-Shingyo (Heart Sutra) and Dharani Mantra in Sanskrit 梵本心経並びに尊勝陀羅尼. 7th to 8th century, Tokyo National Museum, N-8
  • Vessantara Jataka. Thai, Lao, Cambodian Collections, 19th century, British Library, Or.1245
  • Kammavācā. Thai, Lao, Cambodian Collections, 1881, British Library, Or.15084
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Global Codex: Hidden Stories of Books Across Cultures

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