Investigating the effects of cardiovascular stress: An introduction

There are two terms that we need to be familiar with for this practical, stroke volume and cardiac output.

Stroke volume is the volume of blood that the heart pumps with each contraction, and cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped per minute, so:

Cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate

A list of items needed to perform this practical can be found in the previous step as well as alongside step-by-step instructions for the practical in the downloadable Week 3 home practical guide.