Skip main navigation

The social model of disability

Professor Mike Oliver (1945-2019) criticised the medical model for the barriers it produces and instead promoted the social model of disability. The social model distinguishes between impairment and disability. Impairment …

Improving access to learning

Applying universal design principles in education makes learning more accessible for more students. The concept of universal design has also been applied in education. One approach is known as Universal …

Concept 1: Ableism

Our beliefs determine our actions. And our beliefs are affected by our life experiences. If we have no lived experience of disability, it is easy to fall into the trap …

Person-first or identity-first?

Some people prefer person-first language. Others prefer identity-first language. People with disability get to decide and other people need to respect and uphold their preference. There are two different positions …

The United Nations’ definition of inclusion

Just as we need a shared understanding of what inclusive education is, so too do the nations of the world. Although Article 24 specifically refers to inclusive education, it does …

Common practices

What isn’t inclusive education? General Comment No. 4 also defines models of education provision that are incompatible with inclusion. These are called exclusion, segregation and integration. You may have seen …

Major milestones

Who and what has shaped education for students with disability over time? Since the late 1800s, key events have led to advances in education. These events have prompted governments and …