FAQs for this course

Here are some Frequently Asked Questions for this course. This step will be linked back from the relevant steps and you can always get back to it later

• I cannot start Artemis?

Please check your Java version. The current version of Artemis requires version 11 of Java to run successfully.

• I am unable to copy the files using the FTP link?

Most browsers no longer support downloading files from an FTP site. However there are a few steps you can take to access the files. You will need to use an FTP client to view and download the files. You can use a free client like Cyberduck, available for Mac and Windows users.

• What’s the difference between CoDing Sequence (CDS) and Open Reading Frame (ORF)?

CDSs contain only portion of the DNA that is translated to amino acids to form proteins. On the other hand, an ORF represents the whole DNA sequence from start to stop codon, therefore, may contain additional DNA that is not translated for example intronic DNA.

• How can you find pathogenicity islands in a sequence?

Pathogenicity islands can be annotated in several ways and to various levels of precision. One way the positions at which an island is inserted can be identified is by comparative genomics, where a genome containing the island is compared to a genome lacking it. The region of difference between the two sequences can be used to delineate the island. You can learn more about this sort of approach in the companion Bacterial Genome III.