The Major Byproducts of Rice Bran Oil

In the first, gamma-Oryzanol. Gamma-Oryzanol is ester of ferulic acid and triterpene alcohol, typically phytosterol. Here is the typical structure of Gamma-Oryzanol. Gamma-Oryzanol improves lipid metabolism and enhances secretion of adiponectin from the 3T3-L1 cells

And the increases serum adiponectin in mice and improves insulin resistance. Prevents of alcohol-induced liver injury,

Anti-inflammatory activity in ulcerative colitis model via inhibition of NF-kB activation. Suppression of degranulation of IgE-stimulated mast cell via inhibition of binding of IgE and its receptor.

And the second one is Ferulic acid. Ferulic acid is one of the components of the Gamma-Oryzanol. Ferulic acid has the preventive effect of alcohol-induced liver injury preventive and improved effect against Alzheimer’s disease. And protection of gamma-ray exposure via the activation of Nrf2 transcription factor. And protection of dermatitis by sun exposure, induction of apoptosis in particular cancer cells. And improvement of hypertension in spontaneous hypertension model. So final one is, this is what results. So here is our data regarding the hypotensive effect of ferulic acid in the hypertensive rats. And single oral administration and chronic oral administration of ferulic acid can reduce blood pressure. Like you can see here. And, Inositol is one of by-product of rice bran production.

So inositol can improve lipid metabolism and mental diseases like depression and panic disorder. Phytic acid prevents renal and ureteral calculus and show anti-tumor effect also. And Tocotrienol, is a very unique Vitamin E observed in the rice bran oil. Tocotrienol has shown lowering effect of cholesterol inhibitory effect of angiogenesis and growth signaling, and telomerase in cancer cells, and anti-allergic response. The next one, the final one, is Geranylgeraniol. Geranylgeraniol is one of the intermediates of mevalonate pathway. This structural moiety is incorporated in fat soluble vitamin vitamin K2 in its side chain. Geranylgeraniol and GGOH has ameliorated function of

LPS induced liver injury in rats, and inhibitory effect against LPS-induced NF-κB activation in macrophagic RAW264.8 cells. And enhances testosterone production in testis Leydig cells The other ingredients, soluble dietary fiber rice bran protein, phytosterol, and lecithin improve lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and immunopotentiative effect also. Here is again, I show you the usage of rice bran in Japan. One third is used for production of rice oil. And the rest of 10 % rice bran used as a feeding of livestock and also mushroom cultivation. Remaining near half portion of rice bran. Here is 46%. These remaining of rice bran is used as the production of some pickles in Japan, called “Nukazuke”.

However, usage of significant amount of rice bran is not clear well, maybe almost rice bran is discarded as a waste.