Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) Induce Ulcerative Colitis

Finally, I show you the protective effect of fermented rice bran in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced ulcerative colitis in mice.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the typical progression of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Prevalence and incidence of UC are increasing in east Asian countries especially in Japan also.

And cause of the UC is the change of lifestyle: high fat, low fiber diet and reducing exercise and mental stress is maybe enhances major reasons of the occurring of this disease. And clinical symptoms of the UC is rectal bleeding weight loss, diarrhea and abdominal cramping. In the UC, conventional drugs showed variable efficacy, but still on the some of the drugs have adverse effects and toxicity. And we need for alternative preventive strategies is of utmost importance. Prebiotics has been used for inflammatory bowel disease treatment. Anti-inflammatory effects of high tryptophan containing FRB yet not investigated, because I will show you later, and tryptophan supplementation in the diet can protect effect of the Ulcerative Colitis in animal models.

So our fermented rice bran introduced to the prevention of Ulcerative Colitis experiment evaluated this activity.

So in this time we used colitis model but for occurring colitis, we used dextran sulfate sodium, called the DSS. DSS is used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, maybe less than 1%. But in case of higher concentration of DSS for example 2-4% of the drinking water, can induce colitis in experimental animals. Ingested DSS injures epithelial cell in lower intestines and enhances to penetrate DSS itself and intestinal bacteria and occur inflammation and then bleeding and diarrhea. Here is the experimental procedure for evaluation of the fermented rice bran on occurring the DSS-induced Colitis. In this case we used male C57BL mice, aged 10-12 weeks old. And also we used 3% DSS in drinking water.

Before treatment of DSS, we fed experimental diet for 4 days. In right table and the composition of experimental diet. In this experiment, we used 10% fermented rice bran and non-fermented rice bran supplemented diet as experimental diet. After 4 days experimental diet feeding then drinking water changed into DSS containing water and maintained 12 days. During 12 days, during the DSS treatment we checked the body weight change and also DAI. DAI is the “disease activity index” evaluated by diarrhea and bloody stool.