Understanding the pathophysiology

In this video, we learn how the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells is regulated. We will find out how mutations in the genes encoding the potassium channel subunits cause neonatal diabetes and why sulphonylurea tablets are an effective treatment for these patients.

Beta cells are unique cells in the pancreas that produce, store and release the hormone insulin. Insulin is secreted in response to rising blood glucose levels following a meal and promotes the uptake of glucose by tissues, particularly the liver, muscles and adipose tissue.

This is achieved by the ‘classical pathway’ of insulin secretion.