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Grammar 1 (ㅎ불규칙)

Grammar 1 (ㅎ불규칙)
In this week, we studied 5 color nouns of ‘하얀색(white), 까만색(black), 파란색(blue), 빨간색(red), 노란색(yellow)’.

In fact, these color nouns are derived from the color adjectives ‘‘하얗다, 까맣다, 파랗다, 빨갛다, 노랗다’’. All of these color adjectives have a consonant ‘ㅎ’, which is used in different forms depending on what grammar follows. That’s why we call this the ‘ㅎ불규칙(ㅎ irregularity)’.

‘-아/어’+ㅎ

First, when a grammar that starts with ‘-아/어’ comes, the ‘ㅎ’ consonant disappears and a ‘ㅣ’ vowel is created. So, it is used like ‘하얗다+-아/어요→하얘요’.

‘-으’+ㅎ

And when a grammar that starts with ‘-으’ comes, only the ‘ㅎ’ consonant disappears. So, it is used like ‘하얗다+-(으)ㄴ→하얀’.

  문법∖색깔형용사 하얗다 까맣다 파랗다 빨갛다 노랗다
1 + -아/어요 하얘요 까매요 파래요 빨개요 노래요
2 + -아/어서 하얘서 까매서 파래서 빨개서 노래서
3 + -(으)ㄴ 하얀 까만 파란 빨간 노란
4 + -(으)니까 하야니까 까마니까 파라니까 빨가니까 노라니까
Examples

1) 눈이 내려서 세상이 하얘요.

2) 하늘이 파래서 기분이 좋아요.

3) 봄이 돼서 빨갛고 노란 꽃들이 피었어요.

4) 피부가 많이 빨가니까 병원에 가 보세요.

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Intermediate Korean: Exploring the Language and Culture of Korea

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