An animal that has developed hyperthermia from the environment (e.g. trapped in a hot car, no shade on a hot day) or overexertion (e.g. taken for a run on a …
Colour An animal should always have a fresh, healthy pink colour in their mucous membranes (most often checked at the gums in dogs and cats or the gums or nostrils …
Large wounds will usually require suturing to close. The type of closure will depend on the severity and location of the wound. If the edges of the wound are irregular, …
Injured animals are unpredictable and potentially dangerous. Always consider this when planning your approach. Never approach a horse, even one you know is usually friendly, from behind. While scruffing is …
Shock is not just a psychological state after a trauma, but in the veterinary context refers to the body’s response to severe pathological processes occurring in the body. In essence, …
Once you have established that the animal is conscious and breathing, the next step is a physical exam to check how stable the patient is. A basic physical exam doesn’t …
R (Response) Check whether the animal responds to you. At first, this would be simply talking to them, ensuring you are approaching from an angle they can see you from. …