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What is Linear Narrative

Linear narrative is the most common form of storytelling. It emphasizes the cause-and-effect relationships and the chronological order of events, forming a continuous narrative chain from beginning to end. In …

Games and Narrative

The question of whether games need narrative has been a long-standing debate. In the academic world, there has been a “debate between narratology and ludology.” The narratology camp advocates for …

What is narrative?

The study of games and narrative has accumulated a wealth of research, but first, we need to answer a fundamental question: What is narrative? “Narrative” originates from the Latin word …

System and Experience Construction

In games, the system is a continuous structure responsible for receiving player input, changing the game state according to the rules, and presenting these changes through feedback. The system organizes …

Interaction and Sociality

Interaction in games is a core element, involving multidimensional interactions between players and systems, as well as between players themselves. Interaction types include equal competition, cooperation, unequal competition, and cooperation, …

Numbers and Challenge

The numerical system is the core framework of most games, supporting gameplay such as combat, growth, and development. The purpose of number design is not just mathematical piling but controlling …

Rules and Fun

Rules are not just about what can or cannot be done; more importantly, they create changes during the gameplay. When a player makes a move, the system provides a result, …

Characteristics of Game Experience

The motivations for playing games are often diverse and clear. From the player’s perspective, we can categorize game experience into four dimensions: Enjoyment, Challenge, Engagement, and Social Interaction. These dimensions …

Understanding MDA

A game usually has a clear creative direction, which is explained through several core pillars to define its positioning and goals. In other words, it outlines what kind of experience …

User Testing Phases

Once the test begins, we need to quietly observe and record the players’ behaviour from a position where they cannot see us. If conditions allow, we can consider observing through …

Finding the Right Test Subjects

In the early stages of a project, we can use the developers within the team as test subjects. Typically, at this stage, the game’s system framework is just beginning to …

User Testing

During the process of adapting a tabletop game, we often go through a special phase, a phase of self-doubt that many game developers face. We ask ourselves: Is this game …

How to Conduct User Testing

User testing can be conducted from the following aspects: First, we need to clarify our responsibilities during the testing process. In actual game testing, we should set aside our role …

Player vs Player Confrontation

In player vs player confrontation, the challenges players face primarily come from other players. Simply put, this involves multiple players competing in the same game. Racing, sports competitions, chess, and …