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Improving Early Child Development

1. Introduction Early child development, or ECD, is fundamental for the health and wellbeing of every child; however, almost 250 million children worldwide risk not reaching their full developmental potential1, …

Summary of Week 4

We have now reached the end of Week 4. We have learnt that neonatal deaths and stillbirths total almost 5 million each year. There is great potential for change in …

What is the state of child health?

Most people are aware that child mortality in many parts of the world is much higher than it should be. But how big is the problem? Which parts of the …

Why did Mrs X die?

The highly regarded animated film ‘Why Did Mrs X Die? Retold’ tells the story of a global, ‘universal’ woman’s journey through childhood, adolescence, pregnancy and delivery and highlights the reasons …

Quality of care: supply side

With increases in the numbers of facility births during the MDG era, there is a need to draw more attention to quality of care. In this and the following step, …

New targets for maternal survival

In the video, Clara Calvert discusses the progress made over the MDG period and how we have seen dramatic reductions in maternal mortality (MDG 5A). However, MDG 5B, universal access …

Current status of family planning in Ethiopia

In this step we will examine the rapid progress made in relation to family planning outcomes in Ethiopia. Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Sub-Saharan Africa with a …

A brief history of safe motherhood

The field of maternal health has been shaped by its search for effective strategies to reduce maternal mortality and its quest to attract attention to the cause. While maternal mortality …

The issue of maternal health equity

In the 1840s, the German pathologist Rudolf Virchow recognised that “to understand health or illness one must understand the social conditions in which health and illness are created, identified, defined, …

Antenatal care

In previous steps we have described the burden of maternal deaths around the world and what can be done to prevent these deaths and complications. We will now look at …

Safe access to abortion

In almost all countries access to safe induced abortion is restricted by law. Underlying this is the complex link between access to safe abortion and the first principle of human …

Family planning in challenging environments

What are the challenges experienced in delivering family planning programmes? Here, Joan Summers, International Programme Support Director at Marie Stopes International, explains some of these challenges and provides further detail …

Removing barriers to maternal health services

In the previous step we saw that many women do not access maternal health services when they need them, whether the pregnancy is complicated or uncomplicated. Here we consider some …