Example from warm climate

Valleta is the capital of Malta and has a Mediterranean climate with hot summers. In summer average temperatures can reach 32°C and in winter temperatures can reach lows of 10°C.

Malta has a long history and Valleta has grown and evolved over many centuries. At the heart of Valleta’s urban form is a ‘grid’ of densely developed streets and hard-landscaped public spaces. These are used by residents and tourists for movement and gathering.

To enhance human-comfort in Valleta’s long hot and dry summers, buildings, greenery and shading devices are used to cool the micro-climate. The City’s narrow streets and small public spaces are lined with relatively tall buildings providing shading from the sun at street level. In larger public spaces, addition shading is provided by ephemeral structures such a umbrellas, awnings and vegetation. Together, these features improve the local micro-climate and enable people to spend more time outdoors.