Course: Challenges in Antibiotic Resistance: Gram Negative Bacteria

Gram-negative bacteria can cause serious infections including pneumonia, bloodstream infections, wound or surgical site infections, and meningitis in healthcare settings. Some Gram-negative bacteria have become resistant to most available antibiotics, …

In this video Dr Lilian Abbo discusses the antibiotic treatment options for Vincent. Please note, the final slide of the video should read ceftazanine/avibactam, rather than cefepime/avibactam. Please watch the …

The most common Gram negative organisms that cause VAP in adults are: Pseudomonas aeruginosa Klebsiella pneumoniae Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Acinetobacter baumanii As we have seen in Week 2 empiric antibiotics should …

Vincent’s diagnosis is VAP The clinical evidence for this is: Fevers Productive respiratory secretions Worsening leukocytosis Requires increased oxygenation Had ronchi on auscultation Has new infiltrates on the chest x …

Here is a reminder of Case #3 from Week 1. Vincent is a 68-year-old retired taxi driver. He has well controlled high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus and is a …

The main facts that influence targeted therapy are: Mr Jenkins had a (severe) urinary sepsis and we have good evidence of the etiological agent: an ESBL-producing E. coli Although he …

Mr Jenkins was administered meropenem 2g TID and amikacin 1g QD. Forty-eight hours later he still has a high temperature but his overall clinical condition and the analytical data show …

In Week 1 you were introduced to Bill Jenkins and his case. Please watch the video in that step again and consider how you would empirically treat Mr Jenkins. This …

Knowledge of local, regional and international resistance patterns can be useful in directing empiric antimicrobial therapy. Importance of the awareness of the geographic differences in antimicrobial resistance rates is highlighted …

In Step 2.5 you reviewed the basic concepts used to describe resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly those that are able to destroy beta-lactam antibiotics. The prevalence and distribution of Gram-negative bacteria …

In Step 2.2 you were introduced to the danger that antimicrobial resistance, especially among Gram-negative bacteria, poses for clinical treatment globally. Since their introduction, cephalosporins, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations and carbapenems …

In this short video Professor Dilip Nathwani, OBE, thanks you for your participation in the course.

Watch this clip from the “Resistance” video produced by ‘small-r’ in which a doctor explains the impact resistance has on his ability to treat his patient. Once you have watched …

Medicine and global health were revolutionised by the discovery of antibiotics. The discovery of these antibiotics meant that what were once deadly diseases were now routinely curable conditions. However, our …

Resistant bacteria can also be transferred from person-to-person, either directly or indirectly. Many infections with multi-drug-resistant bacteria are preceded by colonisation with these organisms. The person-to-person spread of antibiotic resistant …